Specific Outcome On completion of this section you will be able to install scanner. Assessment Criteria Pre-installation activities are carried out according to manufacturer’s recommendations. . (SO 3, AC 1) The installation ensures that unpacking and re-packing is completed according to manufacturer’s recommendations. . (SO 3, AC 2) The installation identifies contingency procedures for installation problems that prevent successful installation. (SO 3, AC 3) The installation includes the resolution of installation problems that are equitable to all stakeholders. (SO 3, AC 4) The installation includes customer training in the basic use of the scanner. (SO 3, AC 5) 3.1 INTRODUCTION The next step after developing the installation plan is to install the scanner. This must be done in steps; Step 1: Conduct pre-installation activities. Step 2: Unpacking of hardware components Step 3: Actual installation Step 4: Customer training Step 5: Review of installation 3.2 PRE-INSTALLATION A number of activities must be carried out before a scanner is installed. These activities can include; Testing hardware and softwares Assembling the components Cable connection 3.2.1 CABLING Telecommunication Standards govern the installation and handling practices of cabling materials. Therefore before installing a scanner (especially a network), a technician must check if cabling standards are met. A structured cabling system consists of six infrastructure subsections: Entrance Facility, Equipment Room, Telecommunications Room, Backbone Cabling, Horizontal Cabling and Work Area. Entrance Facility Entrance Facility (EF) refers to the entrance to a building for both public and private network service cables (as well as antenna transmission lines where applicable), including the entrance point at the building wall or floor, and continuing to the entrance room or entrance space. The EF may include the following: Service entrance pathways Cables Connecting hardware Primary (electrical) protection devices Transition hardware Demarcation point Equipment Room The purpose of the Equipment Room (ER) is to provide space and preserve an appropriate operating environment for any size telecommunications equipment. ERs supply an entire building (or even a campus) while Telecommunications Room (TR) only serve one floor of a building or a portion of a floor. ERs are used to: Accommodate portions of common control equipment such as voice, intrusion detection, data, video, fire alarm, energy management, etc. Provide work space for service employees. Provide for termination and cross-connection of backbone and horizontal cables. Telecommunications Room The Telecommunications Room (TR) houses the connection point between the building backbone and horizontal distribution pathways. TRs are used to: Maintain a controlled environment for the telecommunications equipment, splice closures, and connecting hardware. Provide a point of termination for horizontal and backbone cables on compatible connecting hardware. Backbone Pathways and Cabling Backbone Pathways and Cabling, as the name suggests, carry the signals between the entrance facilities, equipment rooms and telecommunications rooms. Pathways are the vertical and horizontal route of the cable, including support structures. The backbone cabling system enables interconnections between EFs, TRs, ERs, and main terminal space. The distance between the terminations in the entrance facility and the MC should be documented and made available to the service provider. The backbone also extends between buildings in a campus environment. It includes backbone cables, cross-connects, mechanical terminations, and patch cords or jumpers used for backbone-to-backbone cross-connections. Horizontal Pathways and Cabling Horizontal Pathways and Cabling provide the method of conveying signals between the telecommunications outlet/connector in the Work Area (WA) and the HC. This kind of cabling and its connecting hardware are known as a link. The cable is known as “horizontal” because that is the primary orientation of the cabling. However, horizontal pathways include the horizontal and vertical route of the cable, including support structures. The distance between the terminations in the HC and the WA should be documented and made available to the service provider. Work Area The Work Area consists of the communication outlets (wall boxes and faceplates), wiring, and connectors needed to connect the work area equipment (computers, scanner s, etc.) via the horizontal wiring subsystem to the TR. The standard requires that a minimum of two outlets be provided at each wall plate -one for voice and one for data. Horizontal cable lengths must take into consideration the maximum length of work area cables to be utilized. Patch cords are designed to provide easy routing changes, and the equipment cords are considered to have performance equivalent to patch cords of the same kind and category. Cross-Connect Cross-connects facilitates the termination of cabling elements and their connections to other elements of the system. Cross-connects are housed in ERs and TRs. They are generally classified as follows: Main cross-connect (MC): Transition point between the entrance cables and backbone cabling. Intermediate cross-connect (IC): Transition point between the backbone cable of the MC and HC. Horizontal cross-connect (HC): Transition point between backbone cabling and horizontal cabling, typically serving a single floor or portion of a floor. Cabling topology A technician must properly structure cables before installation. Topology is the physical or communication path layout of a network or internetwork. Three basic topologies include: Star Bus Ring From these three, a number of hybrid topologies have evolved: Tree Star-wired ring Clustered star Hierarchical star Star Topology The star topology reduces the chance of network failure by connecting all of the systems to a central node. When applied to a bus-based network, this central hub rebroadcasts all transmissions received from any peripheral node to all peripheral nodes on the network, sometimes including the originating node. All peripheral nodes may thus communicate with all others by transmitting to and receiving from the central node only. The failure of a transmission line linking any peripheral node to the central node will result in the isolation of that peripheral node from all others, but the rest of the systems will be unaffected. Bus Topology Bus topology is a network architecture in which a set of clients are connected via a shared communications line called a bus. There are several common instances of the bus architecture, including one in the motherboard of most computers. Ring Topology In ring topology, each node connects to exactly two other nodes, forming a circular pathway for signals called a ring. Data travels from node to node, with each node handling every message. In many cases, signals travel in both directions on separate paths to form a counter-rotating ring. Hybrid Topology The hybrid topology scheme combines multiple topologies into one large topology. The hybrid network is common in large wide-area networks. Because each topology has its own strengths and weaknesses, several different types can be combined for maximum effectiveness. 3.2.2 PRE-INSTALLATION TESTING 3.2.2 PRE-INSTALLATION TESTING Pre-installation testing must be conducted before setting up the scanner. The testing process must be applied to cables and other hardware components. Testing cables The following methods can be used to test cables; Pulling tension: This involves pulling the cable to check if it is not damaged. Note when pulling a cable, it is critical to 1) attach the pulling line in the correct manner; 2) avoid exceeding the maximum tensile strength of the cable. Crush Resistance Crush resistance is a very important attribute that is easily quantifiable in a test laboratory but difficult to predict in an installation environment. Communication cables are designed to withstand crush, but there are limitations that must be observed (although difficult to quantify). Before installing a scanner, the technician must check for crashed cables or possibility of future crashing problems. To manage possible cable crashing problems, the technician must ensure that; There is no cable-tie/clamp. Over-zealous cinching of cable ties or clamps is certain to wreak havoc on communication cables. Cables are not placed on pathways. Communication cables are not stapled Size and length Cables and cords must be assessed to check if they are of the right type, shape and length. Location The location where the scanner shall be installed must be checked to ensure that there is enough ventilation, and not too much dust, moisture and sunshine. The location must also be close to the power source. Power source Pre-installation activities must include checking the sockets for availability or adequacy of electrical power. Testing hardware components Before installing the scanner, it is important for the technician to test it. The test must cover; Technical functionality: are the scanner components working properly. Note the manufacturer’s guidelines must be followed. Do not forget to check the compatibility of the computers to the scanner. User functionality: Is the scanner performing its intended functions i.e. are all operational buttons working. Explain the importance of pre-installation activities. 3.3 PACKING AND ASSEMBLING HARDWARE The following are generic procedures for unpacking a scanner machine from the box. SCANNER Take the scanner machine, the Manual pouch and Accessories from the box. Make sure you have all the items listed in the user guide. If any are missing, contact your dealer. Save the carton and packing materials. These can be re-used for transporting the machine, should it be necessary. Be sure to hold the handles on both sides of the scanner to unpack the scanner and carry it to the installation location. Remove pieces of tape and protective cover. Then open the original cover and remove protective materials. Assemble the components as per the user guidelines. 3.5 CONNECTING THE SCANNER TO POWER The following are the generic steps to connect a scanner to power source. Ensure that the power switch of the scanner is in the OFF position. Insert the attached power cord into the power cord socket at the rear of the scanner. Plug the other end of the power cord into the nearest outlet. Only insert the power cord into a properly grounded wall socket. Do not use extension cords or power strips. 3.7 CONNECTING THE SCANNER TO THE PC A scanner can be connected using a USB, IEEE interface connectors or wireless. 3.7.1 CONNECTING USING A USB A USB cable is used to connect the scanner to the computer via the USB interface connectors. The Connectors at the computer and scanners ends of the USB cable have different shapes. Make sure that the cable is oriented correctly before making the connection. Make sure that both the scanner and the computer are in power-off status when connecting them. Plug the USB 2.0 interface cable into the USB connector socked situated on the right-hand side of the scanner unit. NOTE Be sure to use the USB cable which comes as an accessory with this scanner. When connecting to USB hub, use the first stage USB hub that is closest to the computer. If you use the second or later hub stages, the scanner may not operate correctly. If you connect the scanner with USB 2.0 it is required that the USB port and Hub is compliant with USB 2.0. If USB 1.1 is used the scanning speed can be slower. 3.7.2 CONNECTING USING IEEE 1394 A IEEE 1394 cable is used to connect the scanner to the computer via the IEEE 1394 interface connectors. Make sure that both the scanner and the computer are in power-off status when connecting them Plug the IEEE 1394 interface cable (6-pin) into the IEEE 1394 connector socked situated on the right-hand side of the scanner unit. 3.7.3 CONNECTING TO THE NETWORK The following are steps of connecting a scanner on a network. Make sure your PC contains a wireless adapter preferably already configured to connect to your router. Make sure your scanner contains a wireless adapter or if the scanner contains a network adapter setting it up is as simple as plugging the scanner into your wireless router (if you don’t have a router you can use ad-hoc mode but this monopolizes your wireless adapter in your PC). You need to connect your scanner (as you would any other wireless personal computer or device) to your wireless router (or AirPort if it’s a Mac), so turn both the scanner on and router (if you have one) on. Can your scanner detect your wireless router? If your scanner doesn’t have a small screen you’ll probably have to plug it into your PC (via USB) and set it up to connect to the network via your PC. If your scanner has a small screen it should recognise any wireless routers within range. If it cannot make sure your router is configured to accept all devices which try to connect (with the correct password) not just your PC. Some routers are set up to filter all but one device (your PC). Check also your router is broadcasting its address publicly. Once your scanner has detected your router, you need to connect to it with the right security. If you have an open router without security settings (keys, passwords etc.) simply choose to connect on your scanner. Some scanners have a button which attempts to automate this. If you have security on your router then go to your scanner and enter any keys or passwords you have set. You may need to tell the scanner the type of security you have set (WEP, WPA, WPA2 etc.) on your router if it is not automatically detected. Now your scanner is connected, you can turn on your PC and provided you have set up a wireless network in the past and your PC has connected to your router, then the scanner should be available as a Network Device/Network Scanner/Print server. 3.8 INSTALLING SCANNER DRIVERS The following are steps for installing scanner drivers; Ensure that you install any hardware for your scanner. Connect the USB plug on the scanner to your USB port on your computer. Most computers have at least two USB ports. Restart your computer by clicking on the Start menu, then “Turn off Computer,” and select “Restart.” If you are running Windows, then Windows will install the driver for you, and you will only need to follow the onscreen instructional steps. If not go to the next step. Using your mouse, click on the Start menu in Windows. Point to “Settings,” and then click on the Control Panel. Double-click on the icon labelled “Add New Hardware.” Click “Next.” Continue to click through the setup process until windows has finished detecting the hardware. Windows will prompt you to restart your computer. Do so and wait for the system to finish loading your new settings. Save any settings if you are prompted to do so. Install the software and twain drivers included with your scanner. The instructions are in your scanner’s software manual. If you purchased a scanner without the software, then you will need to contact the manufacturer or try downloading all the drivers from the Internet. CONTIGENCY PROCEDURES Scanner unit does not close 1 Lift the scanner unit. 2 Remove any obstruction keeping the scanner unit open. 3 Lower the scanner unit. Poor copy or scanned image quality If the “Before you troubleshoot” checklist does not solve the problem, then try one or more of the following: Clean the scanner glass Adjust the scan quality from the printer software Review the tips for copying, scanning, and improving print quality Use a clearer version of the original document or image Make sure the document or photo is loaded face down on the scanner glass and in The correct corner Partial copies or scans of documents or photos If the “Before you troubleshoot” checklist does not solve the problem, then try one or more of the following: Make sure the document or photo is loaded face down on the scanner glass and in The correct corner Select a paper size from the printer software that matches the loaded paper Make sure the original size setting matches the size of the document you are scanning Scan was not successful If the “Before you troubleshoot” checklist does not solve the problem, then try one or more of the following: 1 Check the usb connection 2 Check the USB cable for any obvious damage. If the cable is damaged, then use a new one. 3 Firmly plug the square end of the USB cable into the back of the printer. 4 Firmly plug the rectangular end of the USB cable into the USB port of the computer. 5 The USB port is marked with a USB symbol. Note: If you continue to have problems, then try another USB port on the computer. You may have connected to a defective port. 6 Restart the computer Scanning takes too long or freezes the computer If the “Before you troubleshoot” checklist does not solve the problem, then try one or more of the following: 1 Close other software programs that are not being used 2 Use a lower scanning resolution Cannot scan to a computer over a network If the “Before you troubleshoot” checklist does not solve the problem, then try one or more of the following: 1 Make sure the printer and the destination computer are connected to the same network 2 Make sure the printer software is installed on the destination computer 3.9 TRAINING USERS After installing the scanner, it is important to train the users on how to operate the machine. The technician must use the User Guide provided by the manufacturer. The training must cover the following areas; Safety information: Minimizing your scanner environmental impact. Loading paper and original documents. Using a memory card or flash drive with the scanner Understanding the parts of the scanner. Ordering and replacing supplies Using genuine ink cartridges Replacing ink cartridges Ordering paper and other supplies Recycling products Using the scanner control panel buttons and menus Changing temporary settings into new default settings Jam clearance General maintenance and trouble shooting Scanning process Tips for scanning Scanning to a local or network computer Scanning to a flash drive or memory card Scanning photos into an editing application Using the printer software Scanning documents into an editing application. Scanning directly to e-mail using the printer software Scanning to a PDF. Cancelling scan jobs PRESENTATION SKILLS The following are some of the tips when conducting training; Start with Introductions and/or an Icebreaker Activity: How can you create an atmosphere that welcomes discussion and input from participants? Introduce yourself and talk a little about your experience in the field. To get people talking to each other, have everyone introduce themselves; interview and introduce another person; do a scavenger hunt looking for people who have a specific interest or talent; or participate in some other sort of icebreaker activity. Go Over the Agenda: How can you prepare participants for the content and pacing of your session? Make sure that everyone knows what will be covered and how long they should expect to be in each session. Highlight some aspects that participants can look forward to. Be prepared to adjust your agenda to fit the needs of the group. Gauge Participants’ Knowledge and Interest: How can you gear your session toward the specific interests and needs of your audience? As you start presenting each topic, take a few minutes to find out how much participants know about the topic and what areas they would like to focus on. Pay Attention to Participants: Do the participants look like they are following well? Are they nodding, volunteering comments, asking questions? Stop from time to time to ask for questions and ask how everyone is doing. If participants are tired and/or unengaged, you may need to slow down, turn the material into questions and generate discussion, move more quickly, switch to a different type of activity, or offer a short break. Be Flexible: What will you do if some things do not go as you planned? Expect that some of your activities may take longer or shorter than planned. Explain to participants what is going on if you need to deviate from the schedule you have laid out. If participants don’t seem to be engaged in a given activity, be prepared to adjust, stretch, shrink, or eliminate activities as necessary. Think About Pacing: How can you keep the interest of participants? Start with simple concepts; build them into more complex ideas. Integrate physical movement, humor and games. Tailor the presentation to this specific group of participants. Interject personal stories and humor. Make the Conclusion Strong: How can you help participants tie everything together at the end of the session and encourage participants to incorporate what they have learned in your session into their work? End each session with a summary and a chance for participants to share last thoughts. It can be very effective to end with a challenge — something you urge participants to do in relation to what you’ve presented. Have participants set goals related to the topic and/or work in teams to brainstorm new ideas related to something that is needed in your program. Ask everyone to share one thing that really stood out. Have Participants Evaluate Each Session: How can you find out what worked in your session? Have participants fill out evaluation forms that ask what they learned in your session, what they enjoyed most, and what they would change.
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